Ulisse Aldrovandi
Ornithologiae tomus alter - 1600
Liber
Decimusquartus
qui
est
de Pulveratricibus Domesticis
Book
14th
concerning
domestic
dust bathing fowls
transcribed by Fernando Civardi - translated by Elio Corti
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Cum
vero ille copiam sui negaret, seque iam altiora cogitare diceret,
caelestibusque tantum una cum patre, et matre incumbere, ac in
sanctissimo itinere esse, in summa nec posse, nec velle illicitae illius
libidini obtemperare, illam, quo [247] maximo flagrabat amore in summum
converso odium, in abeuntis sarcina clam argenteam patinam celavisse, et
cum iam ille aliquot passus[1]
ab urbe discessisset, altum exclamavisse, patinam illam furto ab eo
iuvene ablata fuisse: cauponemque eius patrem convocatis lictoribus
illum persequentem ab incoepto itinere redire coegisse, et reperta in
sarcina patina, manifesti furti illum apud senatum accusavisse, et ad
furibus peculiarem mortem, furcam, nempe condemnatum fuisse. |
Since
he, however, was denying his availability and was saying that by now he
was thinking upon more sublime things, and that along with his father
and mother was devoting himself only to celestial things, and that he
was on an exceedingly holy journey, in short, that he could not and did
not wish to submit himself to her illicit lust, then she, having changed
her ardent love into the greatest hatred, secretly hid a silver plate in
his knapsack when he was going away, and when by then he had gone some
steps away from the town, she declared aloud that that plate had been
carried away with a theft by that young man: and the innkeeper her
father, running after him with lictors he had called, forced him to
get back from the just undertaken journey, and having been found the
plate in his knapsack, he charged him with evident theft before the
senate, and he was condemned to death reserved for thieves, that is,
hanging. |
Parentes
vero quamvis tam inopinatam, tamque infamem carissimi filii sui necem
maximopere flerent, ab incoepto tamen itinere non destitisse, sed
Compostellam appulsos D. Iacobum tam obnixe rogavisse, ut dolorum eorum
misereretur, quod se fecisse sanctus post edito evidentissimo miraculo
declaravit. Nam cum domum revertentes per eandem viam iter haberent,
filium suum vivum laetumque reperisse in eodem loco, ubi mortem tam
turpem subierat. Unde persolutis primum D. Iacobo gratiis miraculum
publicasse, revixisse filium suum laeta voce proclamantes, etsi tamen id
illius loci praefecto persuadere non possent, sed nunciantibus miraculum
nihil respondisse aliud, quam ita vivere filium eorum, atque Gallus ille,
quem iam assum in mensa positum habebat. Quo
tempore coctam alitem non cucu<r>risse duntaxat, sed ex patina
resumptis pennis etiam exili<v>isse. Tum tam insolenti spectaculo
perculsum incredulum illum loci praefectum correctam hospitis filiam, et
infandum scelus suum confitentem, qua prius innocentem iuvenem affecerat,
poena mulctavisse. Gallum autem tanti miraculi testem in eo loco
conservari, et a peregrinantibus, qui illius in memoriam plumulam e
corpore eius evulsam cum magna pietate domum reportant, pie ibi colitur. |
But
his parents, although crying their eyes out because of a so unexpected
and infamous death of their very dear son, did not, however, desist from
their set out journey but, having reached Compostela, prayed so
steadfastly to St. James to take pity on their sorrow, a thing which the
saint demonstrated after he did a more than evident miracle. For while
they were traveling homeward along the same way, they found their son
alive and happy in the same place where he had undergone so shameful a
death. Then, having first thanked St. James, they broadcasted the
miracle proclaiming in a joyous voice that their son had come back to
life, although they could not persuade the prefect of that locality
about this, who on the contrary replied to them when announcing the
miracle nothing but their son was as much alive as that already roasted
rooster he had lying on his table. At that moment the cooked bird not
only crowed but, having resumed the feathers, jumped up off the platter.
Then, amazed by so unusual a spectacle, that incredulous prefect of the
locality inflicted the penalty by which he formerly punished the
innocent young man on the innkeeper's daughter, repented and admitting
her execrable crime. On the other hand in that place a rooster is kept
as proof of such a great miracle and is piously cherished by pilgrims
who, in memory of that other, with great devoutness carry home a little
feather pulled from his body – in Santo Domingo de la Calzada. |
Simile
propemodum de Gallo cocto, et in frust{r}a conciso, mensaeque ad
mandendum imposito miraculum doctissimus mihique amicissimus Carolus
Sigonius[2]
e S. Petro Damiani recenset his verbis: Verum me religio aliqua tenet,
quae aut sancti, aut pii homines posteritati pro re magna consecranda
putarunt, ea dum se occasio praebet, quasi contemnenda silentio
praeterire. Quare cum per hos
annos, authore S. Petro Damiani huius aetatis (circiter annum 1014.)
aequali portentum ingens a S. Petro Apostolo Bononiensi in ecclesia
editum sit, mihi reticendum esse non duxi. Prudentis, inquit, et
honorati cuiusdam apud saeculum diaconi didici narratione, quod refero.
In Bononiae partibus duo quidam viri, qui et amicitiae foedere, et
compaternitatis, si digne recolo, necessitudine tenebantur, in convivio
discumbebant: quibus in mensam allatus est Gallus. Quod videlicet
pulmentum unus illorum arrepto cultello, ut mos est, in frusta dissecuit,
tritum quoque piper cum liquamine superfudit: Quo pacto, alter protinus
ait: Profecto compater, sic explicuisti Gallum, ut ipse S. Petrus,
etiamsi velit, redintegrare non possit. Cui mox intulit ille{;}<:> Plane
non modo D. Petrus, sed etsi ipse Christus imperet, hic perpetuo non
resurget. Ad
hanc vocem repente Gallus vivus, et plumis coopertus exiluit, alas
percussit, et cecinit, totum et liquamen super eos, qui convescebantur,
aspersit. Ilico sacrilegium blasphemae temeritatis digna poena sequitur
ultionis: nam et in aspersione piperis lepra percussi sunt, quam
videlicet plagam non modo ipsi usque ad obitum pertulerunt, sed et
posteris suis in omnes generationes velut quoddam haereditarium
reliquerunt. Unde factum est, ut in famulatum redacti sint sanctae
Bononiensis Ecclesiae, quae videlicet B. Petri Apostoli est insignita
vocabulo. Quorum progenies, ut relator asseruit, hucusque leprosa durae
illationis canone censita est ut ex operibus manuum suarum inferant
Ecclesiae capisteria. Sic nimirum duplici<s> poenae, leprae simul,
et servitutis addicti suppliciis, instruunt alios, ut iam temere de
divina potentia non loquantur. Et Gallus, qui dudum arguerat, Petrum in
terra negantem, tunc probavit Petrum cum eo, quem negaverat, in caelo
regnantem. |
An
almost similar miracle concerning a cooked rooster cut up in pieces and
placed on the table to be eaten is told me by my very learned and most
close friend Carlo Sigonio,
drawing it from St. Pier Damiani by the following words: Really,
whenever the opportunity presents itself, a certain scruple keeps me
from passing over in silence, as if it were to be scorned, any thing
which saints or virtuous men have considered worthy of consecration to
posterity as important events. Therefore, since during these years,
according to St. Pier Damiani contemporary of such period (around the
year 1014), a great portent has been carried out by St. Peter Apostle in
the Church of Bologna, I thought I should not keep silent about it. What
I am referring, he says, I learned through the account of a certain
prudent and highly considered deacon in this time. There were staying
down Bologna way two men, both because of close bonds of friendship and,
if I well think about, because of close bonds arising from having in
common their father, and they were lying at a banquet: a rooster was
served up on the board. As you would expect, one of them, after he
grasped a small knife, as usual cut up into pieces that course, and also
poured ground pepper over it along with gravy. After this has been done,
the other man at once says: Brother, you have cut up a rooster so
thoroughly that even St. Peter, if he wished to do so, could not put it
back together again. The other man immediately replied: Surely, not only
St. Peter, but if Christ himself should order it, the rooster would
never rise again. At these words the rooster suddenly sprang up, alive
and covered with feathers, clapped his wings and crowed, scattering the
whole gravy upon the men who were dining together. Straightway a fair
punishment follows the sacrilege of blasphemous haughtiness: for as they
were sprinkled with pepper they were stricken with leprosy, a disease
which these men not only had to bear until their death, but was left by
them as an inheritance to their posterity in all of its generations.
Hence it happened that they were included in the servitude of the holy
Church of Bologna, on which was just conferred the title of St Peter
Apostle. As the storyteller affirmed, their still leprous progeny has
been registered with the annual duty of a heavy toll, in order they
supply by the work of their hands the sieves to the Church. Undoubtedly,
tormented with a double penalty, leprosy and servitude, thus they
instruct others not to speak rashly about divine power. And the rooster,
who since long time had demonstrated that Peter while being on earth was
a renegade, in that moment gave the proof that he was reigning in heaven
with Him whom he had denied. |
Laurentius
Surius diversam a superioribus historiam de S. Pachomio a cacodaemone in
magnum Gallinaceum immutato, vexato, ac tentato refert his verbis:
Cumque domum apprehendissent (daemones) speciem praebuerunt, quod eam
concuterent adeo ut existimaret Sanctus moveri domum ex fundamentis.
Ipse vero minime conturbatus, rursus chordam pulsavit spiritalem, et cum
voce cecinit, dicens{,}<:> Deus refugium nostrum, et virtus, adiutor valde
in afflictionibus, propterea non timebimus, dum turbabitur terra. Haec
autem cum is dixisset, repente fuit quies maxima. Ipsi vero tanquam
fumus defecerunt, et paulo post tanquam canes, qui a{m}biguntur,
recedunt, et rursus impudenter accedunt. Sic etiam post preces beato
illo ad opus {sedenti}
<sedente>, malignus, suscepta figura maximi Galli,
valde ante ipsum clamabat, continuas, saevasque voces edens, et simul
etiam in eum involans, et acerbe eum feriens unguibus. Is
autem cum rursus in eum sufflasset, et signum crucis in fronte fecisset,
effecit, ut is statim evanesceret etc. |
Lorenz
Sauer with
following words tells a different story from those just related,
concerning St. Pachomius worried and tempted by an evil demon changed
into a big rooster: (And the demons) since had taken possession of the
house, gave such a spectacle to shake it to such a degree that the saint
was thinking the house was moving from its foundations. But he, by no
means frightened, jarred the strings of the breath and sang aloud in
saying: Lord, our refuge and strength, our great helper in afflictions,
then I shall not fear when the earth will be shaken. When he had said
these words, suddenly there was a very great quiet. For they vanished
like smoke, and a short time later they behaved like dogs chased away
who come back and boldly rush upon. Likewise, while that saint person
after invocations was sitting intent on his work, the evil spirit,
having taken the form of a huge rooster, was making a big din, uttering
continuous and fierce cries, and at the same time flying also at him and
striking him sharply with its claws. But when in his turn he had blown
against it and had made the sign of the cross on his forehead, he caused
the demon to suddenly vanish, etc. |
[1] Un passo equivale a circa 1,5 metri ed è costituito da 5 piedi.
[2] De Episcopis Bononiensibus libri quinque (Bologna, 1586), liber 2, Vita Clementis.