Et huiusmodi ovum sibi visum in regione Corascena testatur Avicenna. Sunt et alii forte plures corruptionis ovorum modi, qui sub iam dictis facile comprehendi possunt, Haec omnia Albert.

And Avicenna testifies that such an egg – emitting light by bioluminescence - has been observed by he himself in the Khurasan region. Quite a lot of other manners of alteration of the eggs perhaps exist, which can easily be listed in the just described ways. Thus far Albertus.

¶ Subventanea. Ovorum quae subventanea vel zephyria nominant Galenus meminit lib. 2. de semine, (Ova facientes, inquit, sine mare aves et pisces sunt siccae temperaturae.) et lib. 14. de usu partium, ubi causam adfert cur nihil tale gressilia[1] faciant. In Lusitania ad Oceanum monte Tagro, quaedam e vento certo tempore concipiunt equae: ut hic gallinae quoque solent, quarum ova hypenemia[2] appellant, Varro[3]. Sunt qui hypenemia, hoc est subventaneos illos partus, zephyria nominent: eo quod verno tempore concipiunt aves flatus illos foecundos ex favonio recipere videantur. sed idem faciunt etiam si digito in genitale palpetur, τῇ χειρί πως ψηλαφώμεναι, Aristot.[4] Novimus altiles gallinas sine maris opera, mulierum manibus tantum confotas, ova peperisse; Oppianus in Ixeut. Ova subventitia (etsi partes videantur habere omnes) principio carent, quod a maris semine affertur. quapropter animata non sunt, etc. Aristot. de generat. anim. 2. 3.[5] Et {eiusdem} <tertii> libri capite primo[6], Perdices foeminae (inquit) tum quae coierint, tum quae nondum coierint, quarum usus est in aucupiis, cum olfaciunt marem, vocemque eius audiunt, alterae implentur, alterae statim pariunt, nam ut in homine et quadrupede fit, quorum corpora accensa libidine turgent ad coitum. alia enim cum primum viderunt, alia cum leviter tetigerunt, semen emittunt. sic et perdices sua natura libidinosae, levi egent motu cum turgent, citoque secernunt, (semen emittunt,) ut in iis quae non coierunt, subventanea consistant: in iis quae coierint, ova brevi augeantur et perficiantur. Et rursus in eodem capite: Subventanei conceptus in iis fiunt avibus quae non volaces sunt {ut} <nec>[7] uncae, sed multiparae, quoniam excremento ipsae abundant. uncis in alas et pennas id vertitur, corpusque exiguum siccum et calidum habetur. decessus autem menstruorum et genitura, excrementum sunt.

¶ Eggs full of wind. Galen mentioned the eggs they call full of wind or zephyrian in the II book of De semine (he says: The eggs done by birds and fishes without males are of dry constitution.) and in XIV book of De usu partium corporis humani where he puts forward the reason why walking animals don't produce anything of this kind. In Lusitania on mount Tagrus near the ocean some mares conceive at a certain time for the wind: as here - in Italy - also hens are accustomed to do, whose eggs they call full of wind, Varro. There are some calling zephyrian the hypenemia eggs, that is those products of delivery full of wind, since it seems that at springtime they receive the fertilizing breaths from Favonius. But they do the same thing if groped in genital area, têi cheirí pøs psëlaphømenai, Aristotle. I heard that breeding hens laid eggs without intervention of the male, but after have been heated by the hands of the women, Oppian in Ixeutica. The eggs full of wind (even if they seem to possess all the parts) lack the generating principle which is brought by the male. Thence they are lifeless, etc. Aristotle De generatione animalium II, 3. And in the same book, first chapter, he says: The female partridges either those who mated, or those who didn't yet mate, and who are employed during bird catching, when are sniffing the male and hearing his voice, the latter are fertilized, the former immediately give birth, in fact it happen as in human beings and in quadrupeds, whose bodies, once the lust is triggered, swell for coition. In fact the former send forth the semen as soon as they did cast a glance, the latter after lightly did touch. So also the partridges, who are naturally libidinous, need a light stimulus when are excited, and promptly lay (they send forth the semen) so that in those who didn't mate the eggs are full of wind: in those who mated, the eggs shortly grow louder and reach completion. And still in the same chapter: The conception of windy eggs happens in those birds who are not flyer nor predators with hooked toenails, but who lay a lot of eggs, since they have plenty of residue. In the birds with hooked toenails it is turned into wings and feathers, and a small body is gotten, dry and warm. In fact the spillage of menstrual material and the sperm represent a secretion.

Et paulo post[8], Fiunt subventanea ova, quoniam materia seminalis in foemina est, nec menstruorum decessio fit avibus ut viviparis sanguine praeditis. Volacibus subventanea non gignuntur, scilicet eadem causa, qua neque multa ab iis ipsis generantur. Uncunguibus enim parum excrementi inest, et marem desiderant ad excrementi commotionem. Gignuntur subventanea ova numero quam quae foecunda sunt, sed minora, ob unam eandemque causam. quod enim imperfecta sunt, minus augentur: quod minus augentur, plura numero existunt. minus etiam suavia sunt, quoniam minus concocta, concoctum enim in quovis genere dulcius est. Sed avium aut piscium ova non perfici ad generationem sine mare, satis exploratum habemus. Et rursus, Avium etiam subventanea ova colorem duplicem obtinent, habent enim ex quo utrunque sit, et unde principium, et unde cibus, sed haec imperfecta sunt et maris indiga. fiunt enim foecunda, si quo tempore ineuntur a mare. Subventanea ova sine coitu gignuntur. et falsum est quod quidam dicunt ea reliquias esse praegressi coitus. satis enim conspectum est in novella tum gallina tum ansere, gigni sine coitu[9], Aristot.

And a little later: Wind-eggs are created because there is the seminal matter in the female, and no menstrual flow occurs in birds, as on the contrary it occurs in viviparous creatures endowed with blood. <...> Wind-eggs are not produced by flying birds, evidently because of the same reason why they do not lay many eggs. For there is little secretion in hook-clawed birds, and they need the male in order to set the secretion in motion. Wind-eggs are produced in number equal to fertile ones, but are smaller because of an only and identical reason. Being defective, they grow less: being that they grow less, are in a greater number. They are also less delicious since are less concocted, in fact in whatever kind of things what is concocted is more pleasant. But we have enough analyzed the fact that the eggs of birds and fishes don't reach conclusion from a reproductive point of view without the intervention of the male. And still: also the windy eggs of birds have two colors, in fact they have what gave rise to both, both what from which the generating principle is coming  as well as the food, but they are defective and in need of the male. In fact they become fertile if at a certain point are fertilized by the male. Without coition windy eggs are generated. And what some say is false, that is, that they are residues of a previous coition. In fact it has been observed enough both in young hen and goose that they are produced without coition, Aristotle.

Et rursus[10], Non audiendi sunt qui ova hypenemia dicta a vento, quasi subventanea dixeris, reliquias esse partus, quem coitus fecerit, arbitrantur. Iam enim aliquas gallinarum et anserum iuvencas, expertes adhuc coitus parere hypenemia visum saepius est. Sunt haec sterilia et minora, ac minus iucundi saporis, et magis humida (ut Plinius quoque scribit[11]) quam ea quae foecunda gignuntur, sed plura numero. humor eorum crassescere incubatione avis non potest: sed tam candida, quam lutea pars similis sibi perseverat. Pariunt genus id ovi plures aves, ut gallinae, perdices, columbae, pavones, anseres, (ut Plinius quoque transtulit) et quae ab ansere, et vulpe composito nomine chenalopeces[12], id est, vulpanseres dictae sunt. Ova huiusmodi omnia sunt infoecunda, nec aliud quam ovum, nisi quo alio modo maris opera contingat, Idem. Et alibi[13], Redditur certe ovum subventaneum illud foecundum: et quod iam conceptum per coitum est, transit in genus diversum, si prius coeat, quae vel subventaneum, vel semine maris diversi conceptum fert, quam ovum ipsum a lutea in candidam ambientem partem proficiat. Ita enim fit, ut subventanea ova foecunda reddantur: et quae inchoata a mare priore sunt, specie posterioris proveniant. At si iam candidum acceperunt humorem, fieri non potest, ut vel subventanea in foecunda mutentur, vel quae per coitum concepta gestantur, transeant in genus maris, qui secundus coierit. Graece legitur subventanea ova foecunda futura, si gallina ineatur, πρὶν μεταβαλεῖν (τὸ ὠόν) ἐξ τοῦ ὠχροῦ εἰς τὸ λευκόν:

And still: We have not to listen to those people believing that windy eggs so-called from the wind, as saying full of wind, are residues of delivery which happened in consequence of the coition. In fact it has been possible to observe rather often that some young hens and geese who didn't yet mate lay windy eggs. They are sterile and smaller and of less pleasant taste, and more watery (as also Pliny writes) than fertile ones, but in a greater number. Their liquid content cannot thicken through the incubation done by the bird: so that both white and yellow components remain unmodified. Quite a lot of birds lays this kind of egg, as hens, partridges, doves, peacocks, geese and those called chenalopeces (as also Pliny translated), that is vulpanseres - shelducks, through the merging of the words goose and fox. All such eggs are infertile, and are anything else than eggs, unless by intervention of the male it happens otherwise, still Aristotle. And elsewhere: Without doubt that windy egg is made fertile: and that already conceived through the coition passes to another genus if the female bringing inside herself a windy egg, or conceived through the semen of a male of a different species, mates before the same egg moves from the yellow to the white surrounding part. This way in fact it happens that windy eggs become fertile: and those fertilized by the previous male turn into the second species of bird. But if they already received the white liquid, it cannot occur that from windy become fertile, or those brought having been conceived through coition become of the species of the male who last mated. In Greek we read that windy eggs will become fertile if the hen is mounted before transforming (the egg) from yellow to white - prìn metabaleîn (tò øón) ex toû øchroû eis tò leukón.

Niphus vertit, priusquam candidum obtegat luteum. prius enim ova lutea tantum apparent in utero: postea etiam albumen in eis discretum. Ubi autem scribitur ova ex semine maris qui prius coierit concepta, degenerare si alius inierit postea, et posterioris speciem referre: Albertus non recte habet, alterari ea ad sterilitatem ovorum venti. Avis quae ovum coitu conceptum gerit, si cum alio mare coierit, simile eius quo cum postea coivit, excludet omne genus pullorum, quapropter nonnulli ex iis, qui ut gallinae generosae procreentur operam dant, ita mutatis admissariis faciunt, tanquam semen maris sua facultate materiam contentam in foemina qualitate tantum quadam afficiat, non etiam misceatur constitutionemque subeat, Aristot. de generat. anim. 1. 20.[14] Irrita ova, quae hypenemia diximus, aut mutua foeminae inter se libidinis imaginatione concipiunt, aut pulvere, Plinius[15]: qui haec ex authore aliquo Graeco mutuatus videri potest. Graeci quidem ἁφήν tum pulverem vocant, tum tactum sive contrectationem. concipiunt autem gallinae huiusmodi ova etiam manu contrectatae, ψηλαφώμεναι, ut Aristoteles scribit[16]. Contra afferri potest, ἁφήν non simpliciter pulverem, sed illum quo palaestritae post unctionem inspergebantur significare, ut Budaeus annotavit: et cum pulveratrices [422] sint gallinae, et pulveratio quoque contrectatio quaedam et affricatio sit, hoc quoque modo sterilia huiusmodi ova ab eis concipi posse.

Agostino Nifo translates: before the white covers the yellow. In fact at first in uterus – in ovary - the eggs are only of yellow color: subsequently in them also the white is seen. In fact there is written that the eggs conceived through the semen of the male who mounted as first degenerate if another male mounts afterwards, and that they resemble to the latter species: Albertus doesn't agree that they change to such an extent to become sterile like windy eggs: The bird carrying an egg conceived by coitus, if will mate with another male, she will hatch a variety of chicks similar to that one she mated with afterwards, and therefore some people bestirring in order that prolific hens are generated, with the change of mounting males spare no efforts to obtain as result that the semen of the male by its faculty affects the material contained in the female only with regard to a certain kind of quality, not even mixing with it too and taking place of its composition, Aristotle De generatione animalium I, 20. They conceive the sterile eggs we called hypenemia because of a mutual and reciprocal libidinous imagination, or through the dust, Pliny: it can seem that he borrowed these things from some Greek author. For the Greeks call haphën both dust and touch or palpation. Since the hens conceive such eggs when felt by hand, psëlaphømenai, as Aristotle writes. Nevertheless one can object that haphën is not simply meaning dust, but overall that one which wrestlers were sprinkling on themselves after rubbing with oil, as Guillaume Budé annotated: and since hens are dust-bathers and also a dust-bath is a kind of touching and rubbing, it is likely that also in this way such sterile eggs can be conceived by them.