Ova lacti commista ({oogula} <oogala[1]> vocant) [445] dysentericis prosunt, Aetius 9.45. Torminibus quoque multi medentur, ova bina cum aliis piscis (cum allii spicis) quatuor una atterendo, vinique hemina calefaciendo, atque ita potui dando, Plinius[2]. Fit et dysentericis remedium singulare, ovo effuso in fictili novo, eiusdemque ovi mensura, ut paria sint omnia, melle, mox aceto, item oleo, confusis crebroque permixtis. Quo fuerint ea excellentiora, hoc praesentius remedium erit. Alii eadem mensura pro oleo et aceto resinam adijciunt rubentem, vinumque: et alio modo temperant, olei tantum mensura pari, pineique corticis duabus sexagesimis {denariorum} <denarii>, una eius quod rhus diximus, mellis obolis quinque simul decoctis, ita ut cibus alius post quatuor horas sumatur, Idem[3]. Tota ova adiuvant partum cum ruta et anetho et cumino pota ex vino, Plin.[4] Ova gallinarum imparia in urina asini elixata et esa, nephriticos et colicos sanabunt mirifice, Kiranides.

The eggs mixed with milk (they call them oogala – egg milk) are useful for dysenteric people, Aetius of Amida IX,45. Many people treat also intestinal pains mincing two eggs jointly with four aliis piscis (together with four cloves of garlic – allii spicis), and warming an hemina [250 ml] of wine, and giving them so to drink, Pliny. Also an unusual remedy is prepared for dysenteric people with an egg poured in a new terracotta vase, and, in a measure identical to that of the egg, so that all the ingredients are in equal dose, honey, immediately after vinegar as well as oil, mixing and repeatedly remixing them. The more the components will be excellent, the more this remedy will be effective. Others in place of oil and vinegar put in equal measure red resin and wine: they also mix in a different way, a quantity of oil in equal measure and with two sixtieths of denarius [100 mg] of bark of pine, a sixtieth of what we call sumac, five obols [around 2.5 g] of honey cooked together, so that after four hours other food can be taken, still Pliny. The eggs drunk whole with wine together with rue, dill and cumin facilitate the delivery, Pliny. An odd number of eggs of hen boiled in urine of donkey and then eaten, will make to recover in a marvelous way the nephritic patients and those people suffering from renal colics, Kiranides.

¶ Ovi testa aliquando mensurae usum praebet medicamentis quibusdam, quibus fere etiam ipsum ovum (hoc est interiora, albumen et vitellus) adijcitur. Marrubij succum Castor in ovum inane conijcit, ipsumque ovum infundit melle equis portionibus tepefactum, vomicas rumpere, purgare, persanare promittens, Plin.[5] Ad vomicam aut similem tumorem, Ovum defundes in fictile, deinde putamen | Marrubii succo implebis, post melle liquenti | Omnia consociata tepenti prospera potu | Sumuntur, reserantque malum, purgantque levantque, Serenus. Sed clarius idem medicamentum a Marcello traditur, his verbis: Ovum incoctum (crudum) in calicem defunditur, et testa eius succo marrubii impletur, et in ipsum (eundem scilicet in quem ovum depletum est) calicem defunditur: et mellis optimi despumati tantundem. omnia haec in se permiscentur, ac tepefacta hauriuntur, miro modo vomicas rumpunt, et ad sanitatem laborantem stomachum perducunt. Ovum recentissimum aperies, et in calicem vacuabis, ac testam eius implebis melle optimo despumato, nec non oleo viridi bono, et in ipsum (eundem in quem defusum est ovum,) ac simul omnia permiscebis, et diu agitabis: ac postea in calida aqua ipsum calicem tepefacies, et sic dabis dysenterico cui medendum erit, mire proderit, Idem Marcellus.

¶ Sometimes the eggshell offers a use of sizeable value for some types of medicines, to which the egg itself is also practically added (that is the inner parts, egg white and yolk). Antonius Castor, when guaranteeing to burst, drain and heal the abscesses, puts an extract of white horehound in an empty egg, and pours on the abscesses the same tepefied egg together with honey in equal parts, Pliny. Against an abscess or a swelling of the same type: You will pour an egg in a clay vase, and then you will fill the shell with extract of horehound, then the whole merged with liquid lukewarm honey is profitably drunk, and it makes open the lump, and makes it drain, and does it to disappear, Serenus Sammonicus. But the same remedy is handed down in a clearer way by Marcellus Empiricus with these words: A uncooked egg (raw) is put in a cup, and its shell is filled with juice of horehound, and is poured in the same goblet (that is, the same in which the egg has been emptied): and as much as good refined honey. All these things are mixed together and drunk lukewarm, in a marvelous way they burst the abscesses and recover a suffering stomach. You will open a just laid egg and empty it in a goblet and fill its shell with very good refined honey as well as with good green oil, and you will mix all together in the same (the same goblet in which the egg has been poured), and you will shake for a long time: and subsequently tepefy the same goblet in warm water, and you will give it so to the dysenteric needing to be treated, it will be good in a marvelous way, still Marcellus Empiricus.

Pastillus coeliacis et dysentericis: Ovum crudum recens perforato, et in vasculum evacuato, et cum testa subscripta mensurato: Olei omphacini testam ovi unam, piperis albi tenuissime triti tantundem, gallarum omphacitidum[6] tantundem, farinae tritici tantundem. Omnia (nimirum cum ovo, id est interioribus ovi evacuatis) subacta et mollita in pastillos redigito, et in sartagine fricta ante cibum dato, Asclepiades apud Galenum in opere de Compos. medic. sec. locos. In eodem Galenus ex Archigene describens fomentum cuius vapor intra os recipiendus est, ad gurguliones inflammatos et tonsillas, Origanum (inquit) aut hyssopum, cum sufficienti aceto diligenter in olla fervefacito obturata. operculum autem circa medium habeat foramen. deinde harundinem ad foramen operculi ac os aegri adaptato, ac fomentum admittito. Si vero os a fervore harundinis comburatur, ovum vacuum utrinque perforatum aegri in ore contineant, et per ipsum harundo inseratur.

A pie for one person suffering from intestinal pains and dysentery: Make a hole in a fresh raw egg and empty it in a pot, and with the shell pick up the followings doses: an eggshell of oil of sour olives, as many white pepper very finely ground, as many gallnut, as many of wheat flour. The whole (obviously with the egg, that is, with the emptied inner parts of the egg) kneaded and softened turn it into pies, and give to be eaten fried in frying pan before the meal, Asclepiades Junior in Galen in the treatise De compositione medicamentorum secundum locos. Still in this treatise Galen, describing on the basis of Archigenes a fomentation - a warm and damp remedy - whose vapor must be pushed into the mouth against the inflammations of throat and tonsils, says: Fairly warm oregano or hyssop with a sufficient quantity of vinegar in a pot with cover. However the cover has to have a hole in the central part. Then fit a reed to the hole of the cover and to the mouth of the sick person, and push into the fomentation. But if the mouth is burnt by the heat of the reed, the patients have to hold in mouth an empty egg with a hole at both extremities, and the reed must be inserted through the egg itself.

¶ Pars VIII. De remediis ex albumine ovi. Petrus Aponensis problem. 69. quaerit an albumen ovi sit calidum, et vitellus frigidus: contra scilicet quam communis et recepta medicorum opinio est, eam quaestionem nos ceu supervacaneam omittimus. Candidum ovi crudum refrigerat, spiramenta cutis occludit, Dioscorid. Laevat exasperata, Celsus[7]. Acrimoniae expers est, collinit, et mitigat acres mordicationes, obstruit, Galenus in diversis locis. Glutinat vulnera, Celsus. Aiunt et {vulvera} <vulnera> candido glutinari, Plinius[8]. Albore ovi utimur in purgandis vulneribus, et in constringendis quae laxa sunt, Platina. Ambusta si statim eo perungantur pustulas non sentiunt, Dioscor. Ovi crudi albumen lana molli exceptum, vel totum (id est albumen simul cum vitello) agitatum, Galenus[9] utiliter imponi scribit ambustis, quod ea moderate refrigeret: et sine morsu siccet. Avicenna (si bene memini) vitellum pariter et albumen humectantis naturae facit, nutrimenti nimirum magis quam medicamenti ratione. At vero ambustum flammis qui candidus ovi | Succus inest, penna inductus sanare valebit, Serenus.

¶ Section 8 - The remedies gotten from egg white. Pietro d'Abano in the chapter 69 of Expositio problematum Aristotelis wonders if the egg white is warm and the yolk cold: obviously, contrarily to the common and diffused opinion of physicians, I skip these problems being superfluous. The raw white of the egg refreshes, closes the pores of the skin, Dioscorides. It mitigates the irritations, Celsus. It is devoid of irritating action, it  soothes and mitigates the prickly feelings of bite, has an occluding action, Galen in many passages. It heals the wounds, Celsus. They say that also the wounds are healed by egg white, Pliny. We use the egg white to polish up the wounds and to reduce the extent of those being too much open, Platina. If the burns are suddenly smeared with egg white, they don't give rise to vesicles, Dioscorides. Galen writes that it is profitable to apply on burns the egg white of a raw egg placed on a cloth of soft wool, or the whole (that is, egg white with yolk) beaten egg, since it would refresh them enough and dry them without burning. Avicenna (if I well remember) believes that yolk and egg white are equivalent as moisturizing characteristic, obviously more because of nutritional than medicinal reasons. But in truth the burn from flames will be able to be recovered by that candid inner liquid of the egg smeared with a feather, Serenus Sammonicus.

Lana albumine madens utiliter imponitur locis igne aut aqua fervida adustis, Serapio. Miscetur utiliter medicamentis profluvium sanguinis ex cerebri involucris supprimentibus, quae citra morsum obstruere et astringere possunt, Galenus, Avicenna, et Serapio. Ad sanguinem fluentem e naribus, aliqui thuris farinam cum calicis ovi cinere, et vermiculato gummi ex ovi candido linamento in nares conijciunt. Plinius si bene memini[10]. In Andromachi quadam potione pro haemoptoicis apud Aetium lib. 8. aliis quibusdam astringentibus candidum ovorum duorum adijcitur. Utendum est hoc liquore non solum in oculis, sed etiam caeteris omnibus partibus quaecunque remediis minime mordacibus indigent, ut ulcera maligna (rebellia) omnia circa sedem et pudenda, quae scilicet exiccare ea absque morsu possunt, quale pharmacum est pompholyx[11] lotus, et metallica quaedam abluta, Galenus et Serapio. Faciem a Solis adustione tuetur, Dioscor. et Plin. Epithema ex albumine prohibet corruptionem coloris a Sole et removet eam, Avicenna. Utiliter contra {haemorrhoidis} <haemorrhoidos> serpentis morsus crudum sorbetur, Dioscorid. quam vim Plinius[12] luteo adscribit. Sunt qui aegrotos plerosque iam desperatos intra duos ignes ovorum albuminibus conquassatis perfricatos, diebus aliquot, semel quotidie, restitutum iri polliceantur.

The wool soaked with egg white is usefully applied on areas burnt by fire or hot water, Serapion. It is profitably mixed with those remedies stopping the spillage of blood from the membranes wrapping the brain, since without irritating they can have a haemostatic and astringent effect, Galen, Avicenna and Serapion. In case of  nosebleed some people by using a gauze put in nostrils dust of incense together with ash of eggshell and rubber shaped like  vermicules made with egg white, Pliny, if I well remember. In the 8^th book of Aetius of Amida, in a potion of Andromachus for those people showing haemoptysis - spitting blood - the egg white of two eggs is added to other astringents. We must use this liquid not only at level of eyes, but also for all those areas not needing at all irritating medicines, as it is the case of malignant ulcers (refractory to therapy) in perineal and genital areas, that is, medicines which can dry without irritating, as also is representing a medicine the ablution with oxide of zinc and some metals used too with ablutions, Galen and Serapion. It protects the face from solar burnings, Dioscorides and Pliny. An external application made with egg white prevents the alteration of the color due to the sun and makes it to regress, Avicenna. It is useful to drink it raw against the bites of the snake hemorrhoid - dark green snake, Coluber viridiflavus, Dioscorides. Pliny ascribes this power to the yolk. There are some people that would guarantee that the patients, and mostly without hopes, will revert to be well if set among two fires they will be rubbed with strength for some days, and once a day, with beaten white of egg.

¶ Ova conferunt coryzae, Avicenna: qui forte hoc intelligit de albumine praesertim, quod fronti (ut mox dicetur) applicatum, fluxiones a capite descendere prohibet. Lac muliebre mixto ovorum [446] candido liquore, madidaque lana frontibus impositum, fluxiones oculorum suspendit, Plinius[13].

¶ The eggs are beneficial in case of cold, Avicenna: who perhaps means this above all apropos of egg white, which (as I will say anon) applied to forehead, prevents the flows to go down from the head. The milk of woman mixed with egg white and applied on forehead with soaked wool, stops the ocular secretions, Pliny.