Idem alibi[1] iusculum {verzuzum} <verzusum>[2] describit, quod recipit [303] ovorum vitellos quatuor, sacchari uncias quatuor, succi mali {arancii} <aurantii> tantumdem, semunciam cinnami, aquae rosaceae uncias duas. Iubet autem eo modo coqui, quo iusculum croceum[3] coquitur, et quo magis placeat, etiam crocum addere. Hoc genus cibarii, inquit, aestate praecipue salubre habetur. Multum enim, ac bene alit: parum refrigerat, et bilem reprimit.

Still Platina elsewhere describes the verzusum little broth, which requires four egg yolks, four ounces [around 100 g] of sugar, the same amount of orange juice, a half-ounce [13,64 g] of cinnamon, two ounces of rose water. He suggests to cook it like the saffron colored little broth is cooked, and to add also saffron so that it can be more tasty. He says that this kind of food is thought to be healthful especially in summer. For it nourishes a lot and well: it acts as a little laxative and represses anger.

Λεκιθίτης[4] placenta dicebatur, cui ut scribit Eustathius, ovi vitellus erat admixtus. Alhagie Andreae Bellunensi cibus est ex vitellis ovorum factus in sartagine ex ovis conquassatis, quem Veneti fritaleam appellant. Sed quem Veneti, et nos etiam fritaleam vocamus, simul cum vitellis albumina conquassata recipit: tardi, et nidorosi nutrimenti causa est[5]. Mutagenat, inquit Sylvaticus, id est, cibus, qui fit in aliquo vase cum lacte seminum communium[6] <(cucurbitarum generis)>, et iure Gallinae, et vitellis ovorum{,}<. Conditur autem> cum saccharo, et miscella aromatica e cin<n>amomo, spica, cubebis, calamo aromatico, et cari semine. Coquitur autem in igne, et apposita supra vas testa calida. Sed alia quoque innumera panum, placentarum, laganorum, eduliorumque diversorum genera ex ovis, aut ei<s> admixtis fiunt, vulgo cognita, quae omnia persequi infinitum foret. Sat fuerit ea quae authores de his tradiderunt, collegisse.

A flat bread was called lekithítës to which, as Eustathius of Tessalonica writes, was mixed egg yolk. For Andrea Alpago the alhagie - an Arabic term meaning frittata - is a food made in frying pan with egg yolks gotten from broken eggs, which the inhabitants of Veneto call fritalea, omelet. But that food which the inhabitants of Veneto and we too call fritalea requires egg whites beaten together with yolks: it is a nourishment of slow digestion and smelling of burning. Matteo Silvatico says: mutagenat, that is, a food prepared in a terracotta vase with a milky juice of common seeds (of Cucurbitaceae genus), and with hen’s broth, and egg yolks. It is seasoned with sugar and an aromatic mixture done with cinnamon, matgrass, cubeb pepper, sweet flag and German cumin seeds. It is cooked on fire and after a hot terracotta cover has been placed on the vase. But with eggs, or mixing them, also other countless varieties of bread are prepared, of flat breads, pancakes and different courses, known to everybody, and to describe all of them it would be an endless thing. It is enough to have gathered those handed down about them by different authors.

USUS IN VARIIS.

USE IN VARIOUS SITUATIONS

Germani milites ad praelium proficiscentes Gallinaceis Gallis utuntur vigilantiae causa, quod alias etiam nationes factitasse antea retulimus. Tarentinus[7] escam ad capiendos pisces magnos, marinaque omnia velut glaucos, orphos, et quaecunque sunt eiusmodi ex Gallorum testiculis cum nucibus pineis torrefactis, ac tritis ita committit, ut sint testiculorum drachmae octo, nucum pinearum drachmae sedecim: iubet autem omnia teri in farinae speciem, fierique collyria: et eiusmodi esca illectari pisces pollicetur. Ventriculi Gallinaceorum pelliculae coagulandi vim attribuunt: unde legimus apud Palladium[8]: Maio mense lac coagulabimus {syncero} <sincero> lacte, coagulis vel agni, vel hoedi, vel pellicula, quae solet pullorum (Gallinaceorum scilicet) ventribus adhaerere. Alii eandem coagulandi vim gutturi Gallinae attribuunt. Sunt qui fabas Gallorum sanguine[9] maceratas, antequam serantur, ab adversantibus herbis non infestari promittunt.

German soldiers when go off to a battle use the roosters for watch, a thing that on the other hand we have previously reported as usually carried out by other peoples. Tarentinus - a geoponic - hands down a recipe of a bait for catching big fishes and every kind of sea animal like bastard kitefin sharks, scorpion fishes and whatever such animal, a bait made of rooster testicles with toasted pine nuts and ground up so that there are eight drachmae [around 25 g] of testicles, sixteen drams of pine nuts: he prescribes that the whole must be made floury and to do ointments: and he assures that such a bait seduces fishes. They attribute coagulating power to coilin membrane of gallinaceous muscular stomach - or gizzard, hence we read in Palladius: In the month of May we will coagulate the cheese with curds of pure or ewe’s milk, or of she-goat, or with the membrane usually sticking to the stomach of chickens (that is, of gallinaceous birds). Others ascribe the same power to hen’s crop. There are some assuring that broad beans soaked in roosters’ blood before seeding are not infested by harmful weeds.

Sanguis nigrarum Gallinarum, attestante Rase, aufert maculas foetidas, et lentigines a facie, et huiusmodi, maxime, si misceatur ei lapis vaccinus tritus cum baurach rubeo. Ant. Mizaldus[10] vero albae Gallinae sanguinem in faciem lentiginosam effusum, ibique resiccatum, et detersum omnes eius maculas obliterare scribit ex quodam Italo. Fimus hîc quoque a nonnullis commendatur, maxime candidus servatus in oleo veteri cornea pyxide, ut Plinii[11] verbis utar: qui alibi[12] adipem etiam vel Gallinae, vel Anseris cutem in facie dixit custodire: quod ex Dioscoride videri potest descripsisse, qui ita[13] habet: Adeps Anseris, et Gallinaceus utilis est εἰς προςώπων ἐπιμέλειαν[14], id est, ad nitorem vultus, ut Marcellus {Vergilius} <Virgilius> vertit, ad {magonizandum} <mangonizandam>[15] faciem, ut Ruellius: etsi Ornithologus[16] cum Plinio potius malit vertere, Ad faciei custodiam, scilicet, adversus ventos, frigora, et solem. Sunt qui ad carnis pulchritudinem, ac iuventae florem conservandos aquam e Gallina arte chymica eliciant hoc modo: Gallinam accipiunt candidam, eam strangulant, unaque cum plumis, et ossibus contundunt, omnia in aqua fluviatili decoquunt una cum hordei cortice nudi manipulo uno, et dimidio, decoctam catino satis amplo imponunt, ova recentissima unius nempe diei simul cum testis suis rupta cum Gallina permiscent, et terebinthinae abietinae parum, ac pulveris Myrrhae mediam unciam adiiciunt, omniaque permista destillant in alembico, ac dein novem continuis diebus soli exponunt, postremo boracis, et saccari parum adiiciunt, ac utuntur.

As Razi testifies, the blood of black hens removes pimples and freckles and similar things from the face, above all if it is mixed with a crushed cow bezoar along with reddish borax. But Antoine Mizauld writes, deducing it from an Italian author, that the blood of white hen sprinkled on a freckled face and dried there, and then cleansed, fades away all its spots. In this situation by some people also the dung is recommended, above all the white one preserved in old oil in a horny pot, to use Pliny's words: who elsewhere said that also fat of hen or goose protects the skin of the face: and we can infer that he made this quotation drawing it from Dioscorides who is expressing himself as follows: Goose's and gallinaceous fat is useful eis prosøpøn epiméleian, that is, for shining of face, as Marcellus Virgilius translates, to artificially embellish the face as Jean Ruel translates: although the Ornithologist, joining Pliny, would rather prefer to translate For the protection of the face, that is, against winds, heats and sun. There are some people who to preserve the beauty of the flesh and the flower of the youth chemically get water from the hen in this way: they take a candid hen, strangle her, crush her with feathers and bones, cook the whole for a long time in river water together with one and a half handful of hulled barley, when she is overcooked they place her in rather roomy bowl, properly mix with the hen two very fresh broken eggs, that is, one-day-old, along with shells, and add little fir resin and a half-ounce [around 14 g] of myrrh powder, and after properly mixed the whole they distill it in an alembic, and then expose the distillate to the sun for nine days in succession, finally they add some borax and sugar and use it.

Aliter ad faciem mangonizandam: Accipe Gallinam pinguem, a pennis mundam, contunde ubi interanea exemeris, sanguinem absterseris, ac in frusta parva conscideris: dein simul cum pulveris gummi<,[17]> {eleni} <helenii>[18], carabes[19] [?], {armoniaci} <ammoniaci>, myrrhae, bdellii, vernicis, thuris, boracis ana uncia in alembico destilla: destillationi moschi grana duo, aut tria adde, et camphorae octavam: hac aqua mulier faciem abluat, postquam prius aqua pluviali usa fuerit.

To embellish artificially the face in another manner: Take a fat hen polished up from feathers, crush there whence you extracted entrails, clean up the blood and chop up: then distill in an alembic along with one ounce each [27,28 g] of gum powder, elecampane - perhaps the Egyptian one, carabes, ammoniac gum, myrrh, bdellium, varnish - or sandarac, incense, borax: add to the distillate two or three grains of musk, and an eighth part of camphor: the woman has to wash her face with this water after she first used rain water.

Porro ad agros laetificandos Gallinacei fimi maximus usus est, praecipue apud nostros agricolas: etsi enim Varro[20] Turdorum fimo principatum tribuat, non est quod idcirco hunc sprevisse arbitremur. Quinimo Columella[21] primis partibus Columbario datis (id enim nostro aevo praestantissimum est, ac pretiosissimum) secundas mox Gallinaceo concedit. Eiusmodi stercus nos vulgo pul<l>inam dicimus, eoque non utimur duntaxat, sed pro Columbino nobis etiam ab adulterantibus id saepe obtruditur, tanquam eos non lateat f{a}elices quoque, atque uberes segetes facere: licet alioquin id vitii in se habeat, ut multas, ac inutiles herbas procreet. Mulieres Germanae, ut Ornithologus refert, stercus hocce commendant pro betonica altili, quae colitur in vasis, at non ad alia ob dictam causam.

Furthermore the use of gallinaceous dung is vast for fertilizing fields, especially by our farmers: for although Varro is attributing the superiority to the dung of thrushes, there is no reason for thinking that he despised the former. Or rather Columella, after he granted the superiority to dove’s dung (for at present day it is excellent, and of great value), soon after he recognizes the second place to gallinaceous dung. Commonly we call this dung pollina - fowl dung, and we don't use only it, but often it is passed to us as being dove’s dung also by adulterators, since they are well aware that it too is able to make fertile and productive the grounds: although on the other hand it has in itself the fault of giving birth to several and useless weeds. As the Ornithologist reports, the German women recommend this dung for manured betony herb, which is cultivated in pots, but not for other crops for the above-mentioned reason.